National Forum Policy Statement
TEACHER PREPARATION, LICENSURE, AND RECRUITMENT

Introduction
The Need for Specialized Preparation of Middle-Grades Teachers
The Mandate for Middle-Level Teacher Licensure
Essential Elements of Middle-Level Teacher Preparation Program
Conclusion
References

REFERENCES
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Cooney, S. (2000). A middle-grades message: A well-qualified teacher in every classroom matters. Atlanta: Southern Regional Education Board. Available on-line at http://www.sreb.org.

Darling-Hammond, L. (1996). What matters most: Teaching for America's future. New York: National Commission on Teaching and America's Future.

Education Commission of the States (2000). In pursuit of quality teaching. Denver, CO: Author.

Education Development Center, Inc. (1999, August). Improving teacher preparation programs: A briefing paper for funders. Newton, MA: Author.

Gaskill, P. E. (2002). Progress in the certification of middle-level personnel. Middle School Journal, 33(5), 33-40.

Haycock, K., & Ames, N. (2000). Where are we now? What is the challenge for middle-grades education? In U.S. Department of Education National Conference on Curriculum, Instruction, and Assessment in the Middle Grades: Linking research and practice. Washington, DC: National Educational Research Policy and Priorities Board.

Jackson, A. W., & Davis, G. A. (2000). Turning Points 2000: Educating adolescents in the 21st century. New York: Teachers College Press.

Jenkins, D. M., & Jenkins, K. D. (1991). The NMSA Delphi report: Roadmap to the future. Middle School Journal, 22(4), 27-36.

McEwin, C. K., & Allen, M. G. (1983). Middle-level teacher certification: A national study. Boone, NC: Appalachian State University.

McEwin, C. K., & Dickinson, T. S. (1996). Forgotten youth, forgotten teachers: Transformation of the professional preparation of teachers of young adolescents. New York: Middle-Grades School State Policy Initiative, Carnegie Corporation of New York.

McEwin, C. K., & Dickinson, T. S. (1997). Middle-level teacher preparation and licensure. In J. L. Irvin (Ed.), What research says to the middle level practitioner. Columbus, OH: National Middle School Association.

McEwin, C. K., Dickinson, T. S., & Hamilton, H. (2000). National Board-certified teachers' views regarding specialized middle-level teacher preparation. The Clearing House, 73(4), 211-213.

McEwin, C. K., Dickinson, T. S., & Jenkins, D. M. (1996). America's middle schools: Practices and progress-a 25-year perspective. Columbus, OH: National Middle School Association.

National Association of State Directors of Teacher Education and Certification (1994). NASDTEC outcome-based standards and portfolio assessment: Outcome-based teacher education standards for the elementary, middle, and high school levels. Mashpee, MA: Author.

National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (2001). The Standards/Summaries of the Standards. Available on-line at http://www.nbpts.org/standards.

National Commission on Teaching and America's Future (1996). What matters most: Teaching for America's future. New York, NY: Author.

National Middle School Association (2002). National Middle School Association / National Council for the Accreditation of Teacher Education-Approved middle-level teacher preparation standards. Available on-line at http:www.nmsa.org

Pumerantz, P. (1969). Few states certify teachers for growing middle schools. Phi Delta Kappan, 51, 102.

Sanders, W. L., & Rivers, J. C. (1996). Cumulative and residual effects of teachers on future student achievement. Knoxville, TN: University of Tennessee Value-Added Research and Assessment Center.

Scales, P. C. (1992). Windows of opportunity: Improving middle-grades teacher preparation. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina, Center for Early Adolescence.

Scales, P. C., & McEwin, C. K. (1994). Growing pains: The making of America's middle school teachers. Columbus, OH: National Middle School Association.

Scales, P. C., & McEwin, C. K. (1996). The effects of comprehensive middle-level teacher preparation programs. Research in Middle-Level Education Quarterly, 19(2), 1-21.

Valentine, J. W., & Mogar, D. (1992). Middle-level certification: An encouraging evolution. Middle School Journal, 24(2), 36-43.